MARKETS / GLOSSARY / COST OF REVENUE

Cost of revenue

Cost of revenue is what it cost to produce and deliver exactly what was sold during the year — materials, factory labour, freight, the servers a software product runs on. It stops before sales, administration, interest and tax.

Definition

How it is computed here

Formulaas reported in the income statement (also filed as 'cost of goods sold' or 'cost of sales')
UnitCurrency amount
PeriodOne fiscal year, as reported
SourceExtracted from SEC filings; every value on an asset page carries the accounting tag and the filing it came from
Identifiercusto
The inputs

What goes into the formula

Cost of revenue, as filedRead straight from the statement. Where a company reports cost of products and cost of services on separate lines, this is their sum.
Nothing elseNo allocation is performed here. Where a company does not report the line at all — many banks and insurers do not — the field is left empty rather than reconstructed from revenue minus gross profit, because that reconstruction silently imports whatever the company chose to leave out.

A formula without its inputs explained is decoration. Where an input is missing from a filing, the metric is left empty here rather than completed with a zero or an estimate.

Worked example

How to calculate cost of revenue, step by step

Two companies with the same revenue and very different cost structures.

Both — revenue$4,000M
Software company — cost of revenue$1,000M
Grocer — cost of revenue$3,200M
  1. Software: gross profit = 4,000 − 1,000 = $3,000M.
  2. Grocer: gross profit = 4,000 − 3,200 = $800M.
  3. The two businesses billed the same and kept $2,200M more or less of it before a single salesperson was paid.

Result: $1,000M against $3,200M on identical revenue

Cost of revenue is the line that decides how much room a business has for everything else. It is also the one most often drawn in a different place by two companies in the same industry.

The figures in this example are illustrative and rounded — they are not a real company. The real figures on this site are the live ones below and on every asset page, each carrying the filing it came from.

Why it matters

What cost of revenue is good for

It is the only cost line reported close enough to the product to say anything about pricing power. Everything below it — advertising, head office, interest — is a choice about how to run the company; cost of revenue is closer to what the product physically costs.

The limit

What this number does not tell you

Where the line is drawn is a presentation choice, not a rule. One company puts distribution inside cost of revenue and its competitor puts it in operating expenses, and their gross margins are then not comparable even though both are correct. Depreciation of the factory may be in here or below, and the filing does not always say which.

Every metric on this site is published with its blind spot stated. A figure without its limit is half a fact.

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In the data

Highest reported cost of revenue

From the most recent fiscal year of each company. Only companies reporting in US dollars are ranked here — a figure in yen or won is not larger, it is in another currency.

On a real company

See it in a published filing

Their sectors

These pages show the figure across up to nineteen fiscal years, with the accounting tag and the filing behind every value.

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